Mitchell S. Albert
Lakehead Univeristy, Canada
Title: New advances in functional MR imaging of the lungs and brain using hyperpolarized and inert gases
Biography
Biography: Mitchell S. Albert
Abstract
Hyperpolarized (HP) agents have the potential to vastly improve MRI sensitivity for the diagnosis and management of various diseases. The polarization of 3He and 129Xe can be enhanced by a factor of up to 100,000, which enables direct detection of the HP agent with no background signal. Conventional 1H MR imaging of the lungs is very challenging, particularly due to the low proton density in lung tissue. HP gas MRI, using 3He or 129Xe, can be used to obtain high-quality images of the lung structure and function. Inert fluorinated gas 19F MRI is a new pulmonary imaging modality that may be able to provide images and functional information similar to HP gas MRI. Inert fluorinated gases are nontoxic, abundant, inexpensive, and do not need to be hyperpolarized prior to their use in MRI, and their short T1 allows for signal averaging within a breath-hold. HP 129Xe is a potentially valuable MR tracer for functional brain imaging due to its high solubility in the blood and brain, and its large chemical shift range. We published the first results using HP 129Xe brain imaging techniques for the measurement of cerebral ischemia and cortical brain function in rats. HP 129Xe can also be used in biosensors for molecular MR imaging, and delivered to a target by means of dedicated molecular cage systems that can encapsulate xenon and bind to biological sites of interest using a targeting moiety, such as an antibody or a ligand, which enables detection of a specific biomarker.